This map shows the most commonly spoken language other than English in each U.S. county, based on American Community Survey (ACS) 2023 data from Table B16001 (Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over). For each county, languages are grouped into major categories (such as Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, Arabic, and others) and reflect the language reported by the largest share of the population age 5 and older who speak a language other than English at home.